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Encyclopedia Britannica



BIWA

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 15 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA
BIWA , a lake in the province of Omi, Japan. It
measures
  36 m. in length by 12 m. in extreme breadth, has an area of 18o sq. m., is about 330 ft. above sea-level, and has an extreme depth of some 300 ft. There are a few small islands in the lake, the
principal
  being Chikubu-shima at the northern end. .
Tradition alleges that Lake Biwa and the
mountain
  of Fuji were produced simultaneously by an
earthquake
  in 286 B.C. On the west of the lake the mountains Hiei-zan and Hira-
yama
  slope down almost to its margin, and on the
east
  a wide plain extends towards the boundaries of the province of Mino. It is drained by a river flowing out of its southern end, and taking its course into the sea at Osaka. This river bears in succession the names of Seta gawa, Uji-gawa and Yodo-gawa. The lake abounds with fish, and the beauty of its scenery is remarkable. Small steamboats ply constantly to the points of
chief
 
interest
 , and around its shores are to be viewed the Omi-no-hakkei, or " eight landscapes of Omi "; namely, the lake ;silvering under an autumn moon as one looks down from Ishi-
yama
 ; the snow at eve on Hira-yama; the glow of sunset at Seta; the groves and classic temple of Mii-dera as the evening bell sounds; boats sailing
home
  from Yabase; cloudless peaks at Awazu; rain at nightfall over Karasaki; and wild geese sweeping down to Katata.. The lake is connected with Kyoto by a canal constructed in 189o, and is thus brought into water communication with Osaka.


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