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Encyclopedia Britannica



BITTERS

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 14 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA
BITTERS , the name given to aromatized (generally alcoholic) beverages containing a
bitter
  substance or substances, used as tonics, appetizers or digestives. The bitterness is imparted by such substances as
bitter
  orange rind,
gentian
 , rhubarb,
quassia
 , cascarilla, angostura, quinine and
cinchona
 . Juniper,
cinnamon
 , carraway, camomiie,
cloves
  and other flavouring agents are also employed in conjunction with the bitter principles,
alcohol
  and
sugar
 . Soine bitters are prepared by simple maceration and subsequent filtration (see LIQUEURS), others by the more coinplicated
distillation
  process. Those prepared by the latter process are the finer commercial articles.' Bitters are usually sold under the name of the substance which has been used to give them the predominant flavour, such as orange, angostura or
peach
  bitters, &c. The alcoholic strength of bitters varies, but is generally in the neighbourhood of 40% of
alcohol
 . Some bitters, although possessing tonic properties; may be regarded as beverages pure and simple, notwithstanding the fact that they are seldom consumed in an undiluted' state; others again, are obviously medicinal preparations and should be treated as such:


End of Article: BITTERS


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