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Encyclopedia Britannica



BISMUTHITE

This article appears in Volume V04, Page 11 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA
BISMUTHITE , a somewhat rare
mineral
 , consisting of bismuth trisulphide, Bi2Ss. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic
system
  and is isomorphous with stibnite (Sb2S3), which it closely resembles in
appearance
 . It forms loose interlacing aggregates of acicular crystals without terminal faces (only in a single instance has a terminated crystal been observed), or as masses with a foliated or fibrous structure. An important
character
  is the perfect. cleavage in one direction parallel to the length of the needles. The colour is lead-grey inclining to tin-
white
  and often with a yellowish or iridescent tarnish. The hardness is 2; specific gravity 6.4-6.5. Bismuthite occurs at several localities in
Cornwall
  aatd Bolivia, often in association with native bismuth, and tin-ores. Other localities are known; for instance,
Brandy
  Gill in Caldbeck Fells,
Cumberland
 , where with molybdenite and apatite it is embedded in
white
 
quartz
 . The
mineral
  was known to A. Cronstedt in 1758, and was named bisrnuthine by F. S. Beudant in 1832. This name, which is also used in the formsi bismuthite and bismuthinite, is rather unfortunate, since it is. readily confused with bismite (bismuth
oxide
 ) and bismutite' (basic bismuth' carbonate), especially as the latter has also been, used in the form bismuthite. The name bismuth-glance or bismutholamprite for the species under consideration is free from this objection. (L. J. S.)


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