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Encyclopedia Britannica



BESSUS

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 824 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA
BESSUS , satrap of Bactria and
Sogdiana
  under
Darius
  III. In the
battle
  of Gaugamela (1st of
October
  331) he commanded the troops of his satrapy. When Alexander pursued the Persian king on his flight to the
East
  (summer 330), Bessus with some of the other conspirators deposed
Darius
  and shortly afterwards killed him. He then tried to organize a
national
  resistance against the Macedonian conqueror in the eastern provinces, proclaimed himself king and adopted the name Artaxerxes. But he was taken prisoner by treachery in the summer of 329. Alexander sent him to
Ecbatana
 , where he was condemned to death. Before his execution his
nose
  and ears were cut off, according to the Persian custom; we learn from the Behistun inscription that Darius I. punished the usurpers in the same way.


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