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Encyclopedia Britannica



BESSEMER

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 823 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA
BESSEMER , a town of Jefferson county,
Alabama
 , U.S.A., about 12 m. S.W. of Birmingham, a little N. of the centre of the state. Pop. (189o) 4544; (1900) 6538, including 3695 negroes; (1910) 10,864. The town is served by the
Alabama
 
Great
  Southern (Queen &
Crescent
  route), the Louisville &
Nash
  ville, the Kansas City, Memphis & Birmingham (St Louis & San Francisco system), the Birmingham Southern, and the Atlanta, Birmingham & Atlantic railways. Bessemer is situated in the midst of the iron ore and limestone
district
  of Alabama, in the
south
  part of Jones' Valley (about 3 M. wide.); to the
east
  is the Red Ore mountain range, rich in red haematite; to the north-west are the Warrior coalfields; to the
south
 -west, south and south-
east
  are immense fossiliferous iron ore seams and the Cahaba coalfields; in the immediate vicinity of the city are limestone quarries, and about 18 m. north-east are the lime-stone kilns of Gate City. Mining, iron smelting and the manufacture of iron and coke are the
chief
 
industries
  of Bessemer; truck farming is also an important industry. In 1900 Bessemer was the eighth city of the state in population, second in amount of
capital
  invested in manufacturing, and fourth in the value of its manufactured product for the year. Bessemer was laid out in 1887, and was incorporated in 1889.


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