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Encyclopedia Britannica



BESENVAL DE BRONSTATT, PIERRE VICTOR, BARON DE (1722-1794)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 820 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BER-BLA
BESENVAL DE BRONSTATT, PIERRE VICTOR, BARON DE (1722-1794) , French soldier, was born at Soleure. He was the son of Jean
Victor
  Besenval, colonel of the regiment of Swiss guards in the pay of France, who was charged in 1707 by Louis XIV. with a mission to Sweden, to reconcile Charles XII. with the tsar Peter the
Great
 , and to unite them in alliance with France against England. Pierre
Victor
  served at first as aide-de-camp to
Marshal
  Broglie during the campaign of 1748 in Bohemia, then as aide-de-camp to the duke of Orleans during the Seven Years' War. He then became
commander
  of the Swiss Guards. When the Revolution began Besenval remained firmly attached to the court, and he was given command of the troops which the king had concentrated on Paris in July 1789 a
movement
  which led to the taking of the
Bastille
  on the 14th of July. Besenval showed incompetence in the crisis, ant. attempted to flee. He was arrested, tried by the tribunal of the Chatelet, but acquitted. He then fell into obscurity and died in Paris in 1794 Besenval de Bronstatt is principally known as the author of Memoires, which were published in 1805-1807 by the vicomte T. A. de Segur, in which are reported many scandalous tales, true or false, of the court of Louis XVI. and Marie Antoinette. The authenticity of these memoirs is not absolutely established.


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