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Encyclopedia Britannica



BENZOIC ACID, C7H602

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 756 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BEC-BER
BENZOIC ACID, C7H602 or CsHSO00H, the simplest representative of the aromatic acids. It occurs naturally in some resins, especially in gum benzoin (from Styrax benzoin), in
dragon
 's blood, and as a benzyl ester in Peru and Tolu balsams. It can be prepared by the oxidation of
toluene
 , benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde and cinnamic acid; by the oxidation of benzene with
manganese
  dioxide and concentrated sulphuric acid in the cold (L. Carius, Ann. 1868, 148, p. 51); by
hydrolysis
  of benzonitrile or of hippuric acid; by the action of carbon dioxide on benzene in the presence of
aluminium
  chloride (C.
Friedel
  and J. M. Crafts, Ann. chim. phys. 1888 [6], 14, p. 441); by the action of carbon dioxide on monobrombenzene in the presence of sodium; by condensing benzene and carbonyl chloride in presence of
aluminium
  chloride, the benzoyl chloride formedbeing subsequently hydrolysed; and similarly from benzene and chlorformamide:


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