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Encyclopedia Britannica



BEDLAM, or BETHLEHEM HOSPITAL

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 622 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BEC-BER
BEDLAM, or BETHLEHEM HOSPITAL , the first English lunatic asylum, originally founded by Simon FitzMary, sheriff of London, in 1247, as a priory for the sisters and brethren of the order of the
Star
  of Bethlehem. It had as one of its
special
  objects the housing and entertainment of the bishop and canons of St Mary of Bethlehem, the mother-church, on their visits to England. Its first site was in Bishopsgate Street. It is not certain when lunatics were first received in Bedlam, but it is mentioned as a
hospital
 
    See Also:
in 1330 and some were there in 1403. In 1547 it was handed over by
Henry
  VIII. with all its revenues to the city of London as a
hospital
 
    See Also:
for lunatics. With the exception of one such asylum in Granada, Spain, the Bethlehem Hospital was the first in Europe. It became famous and after-wards infamous for the brutal ill-treatment meted out to the insane (see
INSANITY
 : Hospital Treatment). In 1675 it was removed to new buildings in Moorfields and finally to its present site in St George's Fields, Lambeth. The word " Bedlam " has long been used generically for all lunatic asylums.


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