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Encyclopedia Britannica



BECK, JAKOB SIGISMUND (1761-1840)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 608 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BAR-BEC
BECK, JAKOB SIGISMUND (1761-1840) , German philosopher, was born at Danzig in 1761. Educated at
Konigsberg
 , he became'professor of philosophy first at
Halle
  (17911799) and then at
Rostock
 . He devoted himself to criticism and explanation of the
doctrine
  of Kant, and in 1793 published the Erlduternder Auszug aus Kants kritischen Schriften, which has been widely used as a compendium of Kantian
doctrine
 . He endeavoured to explain away certain of the contradictions which are found in Kant's
system
  by saying that much of the language is used in a popular sense for the sake of intelligibility, e.g. where Kant attributes to things - in - themselves an existence under the conditions of time, space and causality, and yet holds that they furnish the material of our apprehensions. Beck maintains that the real meaning of Kant's theory is idealism; that of objects outside the domain of consciousness, knowledge is impossible, and hence that nothing positive remains when we have removed the subjective
element
 . Matter is deduced by the "
original
 
synthesis
 ." Similarly, the idea of God is a symbolical representation of the voice of conscience guiding from within. The value of Beck's exegesis has been to a
great
  extent overlooked owing to the greater attention given to the
work
  of Fichte. Beside the three volumes of the Erlduternder Auszug, he published the Grundriss der krit. Philosophic (1796), containing an interpretation of the Kantian Kritik in the manner of Salomon Maimon.
See Ueberweg, Grundriss der Gesch. der Philos. der Neuzeit; Dilthey in the Archie fiir Geschichte der Philos., vol. ii. (1889), pp. 592-650. For Beck's letters to Kant, see R. Reicke, Aus Kants Briefwechsel (
Konigsberg
 , 1885).


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