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Encyclopedia Britannica



BEAUCAIRE

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 584 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BAR-BEC
BEAUCAIRE , a town of
south
 -eastern France, in the department of Gard, 17 M. E. by S. of Nimes on the Paris-Lyon railway. Pop. (1906) 7284. Beaucaire is situated on the right bank of the Rhone, opposite Tarascon, with which it is connected by two handsome bridges, a suspension-bridge of four spans and 1476 ft. in length, and a' railway bridge. A triangular keep, a chapel, and other remains of a chateau (13th and 14th centuries) of the
counts
  of Toulouse stand on the rocky pine-clad hill which rises to the north of the town; the chapel, dedicated to St Louis, belongs to the latest period of Romanesque architecture, and contains fine sculptures. The town derives celebrity from the
great
  July
fair
 , which has been held here annually since the 12th century, but has now lost its former importance (see
FAIR
 ).
Beaucaire gives its name to the canal which communicates with the sea (near Aigues-Mortes) and connects it with the Canal du Midi, forming part .of the line of communication between the Rhone and the
Garonne
 . The town is an important port on the Rhone, and its commerce, the
chief
  articles of which are wine, and freestone from quarries in the vicinity, is largely water-borne. Among its
industries
  are distilling and the manufacture of furniture, and the preparation of
vermicelli
 , sausages and other provisions.
Beaucaire occupies the site of the ancient Ugernum, and several remains of the Roman city have been discovered, as well as (in 1734) the road that led from Nimes. The present name is derived from Bellum Quadrum, a descriptive appellation applied in the middle ages either to the chateau or to the
rock
  on which it stands. In 1125 Beaucaire came into the possession of the
counts
  of Toulouse, one of whom,
Raymund
  VI., established the importance of its fairs by the grant of privileges. In the Wars of the League it suffered severely, and in 1632 its castle was destroyed by Richelieu.


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