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Encyclopedia Britannica



BATTER

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 531 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BAR-BEC
BATTER , an architectural
term
  of unknown origin, used of the face of a
wall
  which is slightly inclined to the perpendicular. It is most commonly employed in retaining walls, the lower courses of which are laid at right angles to the batter, so as to resist the thrust of the earth inside. For aesthetic reasons it is often adopted in the lowest or basement porticos of a
great
  building. From a historical point of view it is the most ancient
system
  employed, as throughout
Egypt
  and
Chaldaea
  all the temples built in unburnt brick were perforce obliged to be thicker at the bottom, and this gave rise to the batter or raking side which was afterwards in
Egypt
  copied in stone. For defensive purposes the walls of the lower portions of a fortress were built with a batter as in the case of the tower of
David
  and some of the walls built by
Herod
  at Jerusalem. The Crusaders also largely adopted the principle, which was followed in some of the castles of the middle ages throughout Europe.


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