BARTON BEDS

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 453 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BAR-BEC

BARTON BEDS , in geology, the name given to a

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

of softish grey and brown clays, with layers of sand, of Upper Eocene age, which are found in the

Hampshire

HAMPSHIRE (or COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON, abbreviated HANTS)

Tertiary basin, where they are particularly well exposed in the cliffs of

Barton

, Hordwell, and in the Isle of Wight. Above the highly fossiliferous

Barton

Clay there is a sandy

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

with few fossils; these are the Headon Hill or Barton Sands. Either of these names is preferable to the

term

TERM

" Upper Bagshot Beds," which has been applied to these sands. The Barton Beds are absent from the London basin, and the Upper Bagshot Sands of that area are probably of a lower horizon than the Barton Sands. The

term

TERM

"Bartonien " was introduced by Mayer-Eymar in 1857 for the continental equivalents of the series.

Hampshire

HAMPSHIRE (or COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON, abbreviated HANTS)

basin and Paris basin. Isle of Wight.
Barton Sands 140-200 ft. Limestone of St Ouen.
Barton Clay 162-255 ft. Bartonien Sands of Beauchamp (sables moyen).
Fusus longaevus,Volutilithes luctatrix, Ostrea gigantea, Pectunculus (Glycimeris) deleta are characteristic fossils; fishes (Lamna, Arius, &c.) and a crocodile (Diplocynodon) are also found in the Barton Clay. The sands are very pure and are used in glass making.
See " Geology of the Isle of Wight," Mem. Geol. Survey (2nd ed., 1889) ; and " The Geology of the Country around Southampton," Mem. Geol. Survey (1902). (J. A. H.)
BARTON-UPON-HUMBER, a market town in the N. Lindsey or Brigg parliamentary division of Lincolnshire, England, the terminus of a branch of the

Great

GREAT

Central railway, 44 M. N. by E. of Lincoln. Pop. of urban

district

DISTRICT

(1901) 5671. It lies beneath low hills, on flat ground bordering the Humber, but the centre of the town is a mile from the river. The church of St Peter has a remarkable west tower of pre-Conquest workman-ship, excepting the early Norman top. storey. Against the western face is a low building of the date of the lower tower-storeys, measuring 15 ft. by 12, with rude, deeply-splayed windows. The tower itself is arcaded in the two lower storeys, having round arches in the lower and triangular in the upper, and there is a round-headed S. doorway and a triangular-headed N. doorway. The rest of the church is Decorated and Perpendicular. The church of St Mary is fine Early English with Perpendicular

clerestory

CLERESTORY, or CLEARSTORY (Ital. chiaro piano, Fr. clairevoie, claire etage, Ger. Lichtgaden)

Industries

INDUSTRIES

include brick-making, malting, and rope-making. Barton appears in Domesday, when the ferry over the Humber existed. As a port, moreover, it subsequently rose into some importance, for it was able to

supply

SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

eight ships and men to the expedition of

Edward

EDWARD

III. to Brittany.

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