BARTHELEMY, AUGUSTE MARSEILLE (17961867)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 448 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BARTHELEMY, AUGUSTE MARSEILLE (17961867) , French satirical poet, was born atMarseilles in 1996. His name can hardly be separated from that of his friend and compatriot, J. P. A. Mery (17981866), with whom he carried on so intimate a collaboration that it is not possible to distinguish their personalities in their

joint

JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

works. After having established some local reputation as a poet,

Barthelemy

went to Paris, where by one of his first efforts, Le Sacre de Charles X (1825) he gained the favour of the court. His energies, however, were soon enlisted in the service of the opposition party. In 1825 appeared a clever political

satire

SATIRE (Lat. satira, satura; see below)

, Les Sidiennes, followed by La Villeliade ou la prise du chdteau de Rivoli (1827), La Corbiereide (1827), La Peyronneide(1827),the

joint

JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

productions of

Barthelemy

and Mery. The success was immediate and pronounced; fifteen editions of the Villeliade were called for during the year. A rapid succession of political squibs and satires was now poured forth by the authors, among the most remarkable being Biographic des quarante de 1'academie francaise (1826) and

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

en Egypte (1828), which passed through nearly a dozen editions in a year. In 1829 Barthelemy was imprisoned and fined I000 francs for the publication of their Fils de l'homme, a poem on the duke of Reichstadt,

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

's son. The Revolution of 1830 liberated him; and in company with Mery, he celebrated the

triumph

TRIUMPH (triumphus)

of the people in one of their most brilliant efforts, L'Insurrection. From

March

1831 to April 1832 they produced a

series

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

of verse satires issued weekly, the Nemesis, attacking the government and ministers of Louis Philippe. The small pension of which Barthelemy was the recipient was stopped. When the publication ceased there was a strong suspicion that Barthelemy had been paid for his silence. . In 1832 he published an

anonymous

ANONYMOUS

poem, supporting some acts of the government which were peculiarly obnoxious to the Liberal party. This

change

CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

of front destroyed his influence and his later writings passed unnoticed. For the next few years he enjoyed a handsome pension from the government and refrained from all satirical writing. He again resumed his old style in 1844 but without the former success. From that date he contented himself with merely occasional poems. Barthelemy died on the 23rd of August 1867 at Marseilles. Joseph Mery was an ardent romanticist and wrote a

great

GREAT

number of stories now forgotten. He produced several pieces at the Paris theatres, and also collaborated with Gerard de Nerval in adapta-. tions from Shakespeare and in other plays. He received a pension from Napoleon III. and died in Paris on the 16th of June 1866.
The CEuvres of Barthelemy and Mery were collected, with a notice by L. Reybaud, in 1831 (4 vols.). See also Barthelemy et Mery etudies specialement clans leurs rapports avec la legende napoleonienne, by Jules Garsou in vol. lviii. of the Memoires of the Academie Royale . . . de Belgique, which contains full information on both authors.

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