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Encyclopedia Britannica



BANJERMASIN (Dutch Bandjermasin)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 318 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BAI-BAR
BANJERMASIN (Dutch Bandjermasin) , the
chief
  town in the Dutch portion of the
island
  of Borneo,
East
  Indies, on the river Martapura, near its junction with the Barito, 24 M. from the mouth of the Barito in a bay of the
south
 
coast
 . The town is the seat of the Dutch
resident
  of
South
  and
East
  Borneo. Its buildings stand on either bank of the river, but many of the inhabitants (who number nearly 50,000) occupy houses either floating on, or built on piles in the river. As large vessels can sail up to the town, it is a trade centre for the products of the districts along the banks of the Barito and Martapura, such as benzoin, rattans, wax, gold, diamonds, iron and weapons. In 1700 the East Indian Company established a factory here; but the place was found to be unhealthy, and the Company's servants were finally attacked by the natives, whom they repulsed with
great
  difficulty. The
settlement
  was abandoned. The English again seized Banjermasin in 1811, but restored it in 1817. Of the commercial community the Chinese are a very important portion, and there is also a considerable number of Arabs. The
district
  of Banjermasin was incorporated by the Dutch in consequence of the war of 186o, in regard to the succession in the sultanate, which had been under their protection since 1787. The town of Martapura was the seat of the sultan from 1771. The inland portion of the
district
  is covered with forest, while the flat and swampy seaboard is largely occupied by
rice
 -fields. The inhabitants are mostly Dyaks.


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