BAKIS (i.e. ." speaker," from f3ai'w)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 230 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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BAKIS (i.e. ." speaker," from f3ai'w) , a general name for the inspired prophets and dispensers of oracles who flourished in Greece from the 8th to the 6th century B.C. Suidas mentions three: a Boeotian, an' Arcadian and an Athenian. The first, who was the most famous, was said to have been inspired by the nymphs of the Corycian cave. His oracles, of which specie mens are extant in Herodotus and Pausanias, were written in hexameter verse, and were considered to have been strikingly fulfilled. The Arcadian was said to have cured the women of Sparta of a fit of madness. Many of the oracles which were current under his name have been attributed to Onomacritus.
Herodotus viii. 20, 77, ix. 43; Pausanias iv. 27, ix. 17, X. 12; Schol. Aristoph. Pax, 1070; see Gottling, Opuscula Academism (1869).
BAKbCZ, TAMAS, CARDINAL (1442-1521), Hungarian ecclesiastic and statesman, was the son of a wagoner, adopted by his uncle, who trained him for the priesthood and whom he succeeded as

rector

RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, "
rule
- RULE
")

of Tetel (148o). Shortly afterwards he became one of the secretaries of King Matthias I., who made him bishop of Gyor and a member of the royal council (1490). Under Wladislaus II. (1490-1516) he became successively bishop of Eger, the richest of the Hungarian sees, archbishop of Esztergom (1497),. cardinal (15oo), and titular patriarch of Constantinople (1510). From 1490 to his death in 1521 he was the leading statesman of

Hungary

HUNGARY
HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

and mainly responsible for her foreign policy. It was solely through his efforts that

Hungary

HUNGARY
HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

did not accede to the leage a of Cambrai, was consistently friendly with Venice, and formes, a family compact with the Habsburgs. He was also the only Magyar prelate who seriously aspired to the papal throne. In 1513, on the death of Julius II., he went to Rome for the express purpose of bringing about his own election as pope. He was received with more than princely pomp, and all but succeeded in his

design

DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

, thanks to his extraordinary adroitness and the command of an almost unlimited bribing-fund. But Venice and the emperor played him false, and he failed. He returned to Hungary as papal legate, bringing with him the

bull

of Leo X. proclaiming a fresh crusade against the Turks. But the crusade degenerated into a jacquerie which ravaged the whole kingdom, and much discredited Bak6cz. He lost some of his influence at first after the death of Wladislaus, but continued to be the, guiding spirit at court, till age and infirmity confined him almost entirely to his

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

in the last three years of his life. Bak6cz was a man of

great

GREAT

ability but of no moral principle whatever. His whole life was a

tissue

TISSUE (Fr. tissu, tissue, participle of tisser, Lat. texere, to weave)

of treachery. He was false to his benefactor Matthias, false to Matthias's son Janos Corvinus (q.v.), whom he chicaned out of the throne, and false to his accomplice in that transaction, Queen Beatrice. His rapacity disgusted even an age in which every one could be bought and sold. His attempt to incorporate the wealthy diocese of Transylvania with his, own primatial province was one of the principal causes of the spread of the Reformation in Hungary. He left a fortune of many millions. His one re-deeming feature was a love of art; his own cathedral was a veritable Pantheon.
See Vilmos Fraknoi, Tamils Bakocz (Hung.) (Budapest, 1889).
(R. N. B.)

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