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Encyclopedia Britannica



BAIRD, JAMES (18021876)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 224 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: BAI-BAR
BAIRD, JAMES (18021876) Scottish iron-master, was born at Kirkwood,
Lanarkshire
 , on the 5th of December 18oz, the son of a coal-master. In 1826 his father, two
brothers
  and himself leased coalfields at Gartsherrie and in the vicinity, and in 1828 iron mines near by, and in 1830 built blast furnaces. In this year the father retired, the firm of William Baird & Co. was organized, and James Baird assumed active
control
 . His improvements in machinery largely increased the output of his furnaces, which by '864 had grown in number to nearly fifty, producing 300,000 tons annually and employing Io,000 hands. The
brothers
  became
great
  land-owners, and James was M.P. for the
Falkirk
  burghs in 1851-185 2 and 18521857. He died at his estate near Ayr on the aoth of June 1876, leaving property valued at three million pounds. He had been during his
life
  a
great
  public benefactor,
founding
  schools and the Baird Lectures (1871) for the defence of orthodox theology, and in 1873 the Baird Trust of 500,000 to enable the Established
Church
  of
Scotland
  to
cope
  with the spiritual needs of the masses: He was twice married but left no children.


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