BADAJOZ (formerly sometimes written Badajos)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 181 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI

BADAJOZ (formerly sometimes written Badajos) , a frontier province of western Spain, formed in 1833 of districts taken from the province of Estremadura (q.v.), and bounded on the N. by Caceres, E. by

Cordova

CORDOVA (Span. C6rdoba)
CORDOVA (Span. Cordoba; Lat. Corduba)

and Ciudad Real, S. by Seville and

Huelva

HUELVA
HUELVA (the ancient Onuba, Onoba, or Onuba Aestuaria)

, and W. by Portugal. Pop. (1900) 520,246; area, 8451 sq. m. Badajoz is thus the largest province of the whole kingdom. Although in many districts there are low ranges of hills, the surface is more often a desolate and monotonous plain, flat or slightly undulating. Its one large river is the Guadiana, which traverses the north of the province from east to west, fed by many tributaries; but it is only at certain seasons that the river-beds fill with any considerable volume of water, and the Guadiana may frequently be forded without difficulty. The climate shows great extremes of heat in summer and of cold in winter, when fierce north and north-west winds blow across the plains. In the hot months intermittent fevers are prevalent in the Guadiana valley. The rainfall is scanty in average years, and only an insignificant proportion of the land is irrigated, while the rest is devoted to pasture, or covered with thin

bush

BUSH

and forest. Agriculture, and the cultivation of fruit, including the vine and olive, are thus in, a very backward condition; but Badajoz possesses more livestock than anyotherSpanish province. Its acorn-fed swine are celebrated throughout Spain for their hams and bacon, and large herds of sheep and goats thrive where the pasture is too meagre for cattle. The exploitation of the

mineral

MINERAL

resources of Badajoz is greatly hindered by lack of water and means of communication; in 1903, out of nearly 600 mines registered only 26 were at

work

WORK

. Their output consisted of lead, with very small quantities of copper. The local industries are not of much importance: they comprise manufactures of woollen and

cotton

COTTON
COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
LYNCH
- LYNCH, PATRICIO (1825–1886)
_181.html">COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD
LYNCH
- LYNCH, PATRICIO (1825–1886)
(1813–1866)
COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

stuffs of a coarse description, soaps, oils, cork and leather. The purely commercial interests are more important than the industrial, because of the transit trade to and from Portugal through no less than seven custom-houses. Many parts of the province are inaccessible except by road, and the roads are ill-made, ill-kept and wholly insufficient. The main line of the Madrid-Lisbon railway passes through Villanueva de la Serena, Merida and Badajoz; at Merida it is joined by the railways going north to Caceres and south to Zafra, where the lines from

Huelva

HUELVA
HUELVA (the ancient Onuba, Onoba, or Onuba Aestuaria)

and Seville unite. After Badajoz, the

capital

CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

(pop. (Igloo) 30,899), the principal towns are Almendralejo (12,587), Azuaga (14,192), Don Benito (16,565), Jerez de los Caballeros (10,271), Merida (11,168) and Villanueva de la Serena (13,489); these, and also the historically interesting

village

VILLAGE

of Albuera, are described in separate articles. Other small towns, chiefly important as markets for agricultural produce, are Albuquerque (9030), Cabeza del Buey (7566), Campanario (7450), Fregenal de la Sierra (9615), Fuente de Cantos (8483), Fuente del Maestre (6934), Llerena (7049), Montijo (7644), Oliva de Jerez (8348), Olivenza (9066), San Vicente de Alcantara (7722), and Villafranca de los Barros (9954). Very few in-habitants emigrate from this province, where the

birth

BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

-rate considerably exceeds the death-rate. Education, even primary, is in a very backward condition.

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