AZARA, DON JOSE NICHOLAS DE (1731-1804)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 79 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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AZARA, DON JOSE NICHOLAS DE (1731-1804) , Spanish diplomatist, was born in 1731 at Barbunales, Aragon, and was appointed in 1765 Spanish agent and procurator general, and in 1785

ambassador

AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

at Rome. During his long residence there he distinguished himself as a collector of Italian antiquities and as a patron of art. He was also an able and active diplomatist, took a leading share in the difficult and hazardous task of the expulsion of the Jesuits from Spain, and was instrumental in securing the election of Pius VI. He withdrew to Florence when the French took possession of Rome in 1798, but acted on behalf of the pope during his

exile

EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap,
consul
- CONSUL
- CONSUL (in Gr. generally ihraros,ashortened form of errpavgybs 8hraeos, i.e. praetor maximus)
, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

and after his death at Valence in 1799. He was afterwards Spanish

ambassador

AMBASSADOR (also EMBASSADOR, the form sometimes still used in America; from the Fr. ambassadeur, with which compare Ital. ambasciatore and Span. embajador, all variants of the Med. Lat. ambassiator, ambassiator, ambasator, &c., derived from Med. Lat. amba

in Paris. In that post it was his misfortune to be forced by his government to conduct the negotiations which led to the treaty of San Ildefonso, by which Spain was wholly subjected to

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

Azara

AZARA, DON JOSE NICHOLAS DE (1731-1804)

was friendly to a French alliance, but his experience showed him that his country was being sacrificed to

Napoleon

NAPOLEON

. The First

Consul

liked him personally, and found him easy to influence.

Azara

AZARA, DON JOSE NICHOLAS DE (1731-1804)

died, worn out, in Paris in 1804. His end was undoubtedly embittered by his discovery of the ills which the French alliance must produce for Spain.
Several sympathetic notices of Azara will be found in

Thiers

THIERS

, Consulat et Empire. See also Reinado de Carlos IV, by Gen. J.

Gomez

GOMEZ, DIOGO (DIEGO) (ff. 1440-1482)

de Arteche, in the Historia General de Espana, published by the R. Acad. de la Historia, Madrid, 1892, &c. There is a Notice historique sur be Chevalier d'Azara by Bourgoing (1804.).
His younger brother, DON

FELIX

DE AZARA (1746-181I), spent twenty years in South America as a

commissioner

COMMISSIONER

for delimiting the boundary between the Spanish and Portuguese territories. He made many observations on the natural history of the country, which, together with an account of the discovery and history of

Paraguay

PARAGUAY

and Rio de la Plata, were incorporated in his principal work, Voyage daps l'Amerique meridionale depuis 1781 jusqu'en 18or, published at Paris in 1809 in French from his MS. by C. A. Walckenaer.

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