AYUB KHAN (1855 )

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 78 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI

AYUB KHAN (1855 ) , Afghan prince, son of Shere All (formerly amir of Afghanistan), and

cousin

COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and
familiar
- FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)
abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

of the amir Abdur Rahman, was born about 1855. During his father's reign little is recorded of him, but after Shere Ali's expulsion from Kabul by the English, and his death in January 1879, Ayub took possession of Herat, and maintained himself there until June 1881, when he invaded Afghanistan with the view of asserting his claims to the sovereignty, and in particular of gaining possession of Kandahar, still in the occupation of the British. He encountered the British force commanded by General Burrows at Maiwand on the 27th of July, and was able to gain one of the very few pitched battles that have been won by Asiatic leaders over an army under European direction. His

triumph

TRIUMPH (triumphus)

, however, was short-lived; while he hesitated to assault Kandahar he was attacked by Sir Frederick (afterwards Lord) Roberts, at the close of the latter's memorable

march

from Kabul, and utterly discomfited,
loth of September 1880. He made his way back to Herat, where he remained for some time unmolested. In the summer of 1881 he again invaded Afghanistan, and on the anniversary of the battle of Maiwand obtained a

signal

SIGNAL

victory over Abdur Rahman's lieutenants, mainly through the defection of a

Durani

DURANI, or DURRANI

regiment

REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

. Kandahar fell into his hands, but Abdur Rahman now took the field in person, totally defeated Ayub, and expelled him from Herat. He took

refuge

REFUGE

in Persia, and for some time lived quietly in receipt of an allowance from the Persian government. In 1887 internal troubles in Afghanistan tempted him to make another endeavour to seize the throne. Defeated and driven into

exile

EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap,
consul
- CONSUL
- CONSUL (in Gr. generally ihraros,ashortened form of errpavgybs 8hraeos, i.e. praetor maximus)
, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

, he wandered for some time about Persia, and in November gave himself up to the British agent at Meshed. He was sent to India to live as a state prisoner.

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