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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI |
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AVERNUS , a lake of Campania, Italy, about 11 m. N. of Baiae. It is an old volcanic crater, nearly 2 M. in circumference, now, as in Roman times, filled with water. Its depth is 213 ft., and its height above sea-level 31 ft.; it has no natural outlet. In ancient times it was surrounded by dense forests, and was the centre of many legends. It was represented as the entrance by which both Odysseus and Aeneas descended to the infernal regions, and as the abode of the Cimmerii
pilgrimage to it in 214 B.C. Agrippa in 37 B.C. converted it into a naval harbour, the Portus Julius; joining it to the Lacus Lucrinus by a canal, and connecting the latter with the sea, he reduced the distance to Cumae by boring a tunnel over 2 m. in length, now called Grotta della Pace, through the hill on the north-west side of Lake Avernus. After Sextus Pompeius had been subdued, the chief
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See J. Beloch, Campanien (2nd ed., Breslau, 1890), pp. 168 seq. (T. As.) End of Article: AVERNUS If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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