AVALON (also written AVALLON, AVOLLON, AVILION and AVELION)

This article appears in Volume V03, Page 51 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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AVALON (also written AVALLON, AVOLLON, AVILION and AVELION) , in Welsh mythology the kingdom of the dead, after-wards an earthly

paradise

PARADISE (Gr. lrap6BEwos)

in the western seas, and finally, in the Arthurian romances, the abode of heroes to which King Arthur was conveyed after his last battle. In Welsh the name is Ynys yr Afallon, usually interpreted " Isle of Apples," but possibly connected with the Celtic tradition of a king over the dead named Avalloc (in Welsh Afallach). If the traditional derivation is correct, the name is derived from the Welsh afal, an apple, and, as no other large fruit was well known to the races of northern Europe, is probably intended to symbolize the feasting and enjoyments of

elysium

ELYSIUM

. Other forms of the name are Ynysvitrin and Ynysgutrin, " Isle of Glass "which appear to be identical with Glasberg, the Teutonic kingdom of the dead. Perhaps owing to a confusion between Glasberg or Ynysvitrin and the Anglo-Saxon Glaestinga-burh, Glastonbury, the name " Isle of Avalon " was given to the low

ridge

in central Somersetshire which culminates in Glastonbury Tor, while Glastonbury itself came to be called Avalon. Attempts have also been made to identify Avalon with other places in England and Wales.
See Studies in the Arthurian Legend, by J. Rhys (

Oxford

, 1891) ; also ARTHUR (KING) ; ATLANTIS. ... AVARAY, a French territorial title belonging to a family some of whose members have been conspicuous in history. The Bearnaise family named Besiade moved into the province of Orleanaisin the 17th

century

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

, and there acquired the estate of Avaray. In 1667 Theophile de Besiade, marquis d'Avaray, obtained the office of grand bailiff of Orleans, which was held by several of his descendants after him. Claude

Antoine

ANTOINE, ANDRE (1858- )

de Besiade, marquis d'Avaray, was

deputy

DEPUTY (through the Fr. from a Late Lat. use of deputare, to cut off, allot; putare having the original sense of to trim,
prune
- PRUNE (adapted in various forms, e.g. prunne, proyne, &c., from Fr. prune, Med. Lat. pruna, Lat. prunum, Gr. irpovvov, earlier Trpouľvov, plum)
)

for the bailliage of Orleans in the states-general of 1789, and proposed a Declaration of the Duties of Man as a pendant to the Declaration of the Rights of Man; he subsequently became a

lieutenant

LIEUTENANT

-general in 1814, a peer of France in 1815, and duc d'Avaray in 1818.

Antoine

ANTOINE, ANDRE (1858- )

Louis Francois, comte d'Avaray, son of the above, distinguished himself during the Revolution by his devotion to the comte de

Provence

PROVENCE (Provincia, Proenza)

, afterwards Louis XVIII., whose emigration he o assisted. Having nominally become king in 1799, that prince created the estate of Ile-Jourdain a duchy, under the title of Avaray, in favour of the comte d'Avaray, _whom he termed his
" liberator." (M. P.*)

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