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Encyclopedia Britannica

AURUNCI

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 935 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI

AURUNCI , the name given by the Romans to a tribe which in historical times occupied only a strip of

coast

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

on either side of the

Mons

MONS (Flemish Bergen)

Massicus between the Volturnus and the Liris, although it must at an earlier period have extended over a considerably wider area. Their own name for themselves in
the 4th

century

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

B.C. was Ausones, and in

Greek

GREEK
GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

writers we find the name Ausonia applied to Latium and Campania (see Strabo v. p. 247;

Aristotle

ARISTOTLE
ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

, Pol. iv. (vii.) ro;

Dion

DION

. Hal. i. 72), while in the Augustan poets (e.g. Virgil, Aen. vii. 795) it is used as one of many synonyms for

Italy

ITALY
ITALY (Italia)

. In history the tribe appears only for a brief space, from 340 to 295 B.C. (Mommsen, C.I.L. x. pp. 451, 463, 465), and their struggle with the Romans ended in complete extermination; their territory was parcelled out between the Latin colonies of Cales (Livy viii. 16) and Suessa Aurunca (id. ix. 28) which took the place of an older town called Ausona (id. ix. 25; viii. 15), and the maritime colonies Sinuessa (the older Vescia) and Minturnae (both in 295 B.C., Livy X. 21). The coin formerly attributed to Suessa Aurunca on the strength of its supposed legend Aurunkud has now been certainly referred to Naples (see R. S. Conway,

Italic

ITALIC

Dialects, 145, and Verner's law in

Italy

ITALY
ITALY (Italia)

, p. 78, where the

change

CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. 冠 urmu', to bend)

of s to r is explained as probably due to the Latin conquest). Seeing that the tribe was blotted out at the beginning of the 3rd

century

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

B.C., we can scarcely wonder that no

record

RECORD (Lat. recordari, to recall to mind, from cor, heart or mind)

of its speech survives; but its geographical situation and the frequency of the co-suffix in that strip of

coast

COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

(besides Aurunci itself we have the names Vescia,

Mons

MONS (Flemish Bergen)

Massicus, Marica, Glanica and Caedicii; see

Italic

ITALIC

Dialects, pp. 283 f.) rank them beyond doubt with their neighbours the Volsci (q.v.). (R. S. C.)

End of Article: AURUNCI

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