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Encyclopedia Britannica



AURIGA (the " charioteer " or " waggoner ")

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 926 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI
AURIGA (the " charioteer " or " waggoner ") , in astronomy, a constellation of the northern hemisphere, found in the catalogues of Eudoxus (4th century B.C.) and Aratus (3rd century B.C.). It was symbolized by the Greeks as an old man in a more or less sitting posture, with a goat and her kids in his left hand, and a bridle in his right. The ancient Greeks associated this constellation with many myths. Some assume it to be Erichthonius, son of
Athena
  and
Hephaestus
 , who was translated to the skies by Zeus on account of his invention of chariots or coaches. Others assume it to be Myrtilus, a son of Hermes and Clytie, and charioteer to
Oenomaus
 , who was placed in the heavens by Hermes. Another myth has it to be Olenus, a son of
Hephaestus
 , and father of Aega and Helice, two nymphs who nursed Zeus.
Ptolemy
  catalogued fourteen stars, Tycho Brahe twenty-seven, and Hevelius
forty
  in this constellation. Interesting stars are: a Aurigae or
Capella
  (the goat), one of the brightest stars in the heavens, determined by Newall and Campbell to be a spectroscopic binary; (3 Aurigae, a
star
  of the second magnitude also a spectroscopic binary; e Aurigae, an irregularly variable
star
 ; and Nova Aurigae, a " new " star discovered by Anderson in 1892, and afterwards found on a photographic
plate
  exposed at Harvard in December 1891. Several fine star clusters also appear in this constellation.


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