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Encyclopedia Britannica



AUGUSTINE, SAINT (d. c.613)

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 910 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI
AUGUSTINE, SAINT (d. c.613) , first archbishop of Canterbury, occupied a position of authority in the monastery of St Andrew at Rome, when Gregory I. summoned him to lead a mission to England in A.D. 596. The apprehensions of
Augustine
 's followers caused him to return to Rome, but the
pope
  furnished him with letters of commendation and encouraged him to proceed. He landed in Thanet in A.D. 597, and was favourably received by IEthelberht, king of Kent, who granted a dwelling-place for the monks in Canterbury, and allowed them liberty to preach.
Augustine
  first made use of the ancient church of St Martin at Canterbury, which before his arrival had been the oratory of the Queen Berhta and her confessor Liudhard. IEthelberht uponhis conversion employed all his influence in support of the mission. In 6oi Augustine received the
pallium
  from Gregory and was given authority over the Celtic churches in Britain, as well as all future bishops consecrated in English territory, including
York
 . Authority over the see of
York
  was not, however, to descend to Augustine's successors. In 603 he consecrated Christ Church, Canterbury, and built the monastery of SS. Peter and Paul, afterwards known as St Augustine's. At the conference of Augustine's Oak he endeavoured in vain to bring over the Celtic church to the observance of the Roman Easter. He afterwards consecrated Mellitus and Justus to the
sees
  of London and Rochester respectively. The date of his death is not recorded by Bede, but MS. F of the Saxon Chronicle puts it in 614, and the Annales Monasterienses in 612.
See Bede, Eccl. Hist. (ed. by Plummer), i. 23ii. 3.


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