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Encyclopedia Britannica



AUGUSTA

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 905 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AUD-BAI
AUGUSTA , a seaport of the province of Syracuse, Sicily, 19 m. N. of it by
rail
 . Pop. (1901) 16,402. It occupies a
part
  of the former peninsula of Xiphonia, now a small
island
 , connected with the mainland by a
bridge
 . It was founded by the emperor Frederick II. in 1232, and almost entirely destroyed by an
earthquake
  in 1693, after which it was rebuilt. The castle is now a large prison. The fortified port, though unfrequented except as a naval harbour of
refuge
 , is a very fine one. There are considerable saltworks at Augusta. To the
south
 , on the left bank of the Molinello; 1a m. from its mouth, Sicel tombs and Christian catacombs, and farther up the river a cave
village
  of the early middle ages, have been explored (Notizie degli Scavi, 1902, 411, 631 ; Romische Quartalschrift, 1902, 205). Whether there was ever a town bearing the name Xiphonia is doubted by E. A. Freeman (Hilt. of Sic. i. 583); cf., however, E. Pais, Atakta (Pisa, 1891), 55, who attributes its
foundation
 , under the name of Tauromenion (which it soon lost), to the Zancleans of Hybla (afterwards
Megara
  Hyblaea). (T. As.)


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