ATHENODORUS

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 831 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ARN-AUD

ATHENODORUS , the name of two Stoic philosophers of the 1st century B.C., who have frequently been confounded.
I. ATHENODORUS CANANITES (C. 74 B.C.A.D. 7), SO called from his birthplace Canana near Tarsus (not Cana in Mc-is. nor Canna in Lycaonia), was the son of one Sandon, whose name indicates Tarsian descent, not Jewish as many have held. He was a personal friend of Strabo, from whom we derive our know-ledge of his life. He taught the

young

Octavian (afterwards

Augustus

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

) at

Apollonia

APOLLONIA

, and was a pupil of Posidonius at Rhodes. Subsequently he appears to have travelled in the

East

EAST
EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

(

Petra

PETRA (r)

and Egypt) and to have made himself famous by lecturing in the great cities of the Mediterranean. Writing in 50 B.C., Cicero speaks of him with the highest respect (cf. Ep. ad. AU., xvi. II. 4, 14. 4), a fact which enables us to fix the date of his

birth

BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

as not later than about 74. His influence.over

Augustus

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

was strong and lasting. He followed him to Rome in 44, and is said to have criticized him with the utmost candour, bidding him repeat the letters of the alphabet before acting on an angry impulse. In later years he was allowed by Augustus to return to Tarsus in order to remodel the constitution of the city after the degenerate democracy which had misgoverned it under

Boethus

BOETHUS

. He succeeded (c. 15Io B.C.) in setting up a timocratic oligarchy in the imperial

interest

INTEREST

(see TARSUS). Sir W. M. Ramsay is inclined to attribute to the influence of Athenodorus the striking resemblances which can be established between Seneca and Paul, the latter of whom must certainly have been acquainted with his teachings. According to Eusebius and Strabo he was a learned scientist for his day, and some attribute to him a history of Tarsus. He helped Cicero in the composition of the De Officiis. His works are not certainly known, and none are extant. (See Sir W. M. Ramsay in the Expositor, September 1906, pp. 268 ff.)
2. ATHENODORUS CORDYLION, also of Tarsus, was keeper of the library at Pergamum, and was an old man in 47 B.C. In his enthusiasm for Stoicism he used to cut out from Stoic writings passages which seemed to him unsatisfactory. He also settled in Rome, where he died in the

house

HOUSE
HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
Gothic
- GOTHIC
it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

of the younger Cato.
Among others of the name may be mentioned (3) ATHENODORUS OF TEOS, who played the cithara at the wedding of Alexander the Great and Statira at Susa (324 E.C.) ; (4) a Greek physician of the 1st century A.D., who wrote on epidemic diseases; and two sculptors, of whom (5) one executed the statues of Apollo and Zeus which the Spartans dedicated at Delphi after Aegospotami ; and (6) the other was a son of Alexander of Rhodes, whom he helped in the Laocoon group.

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