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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ARN-AUD |
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ASKEW , or AscuE, ANNE (1521?-1546), English Protestant martyr
marriage
of transubstantiation, and created some stir in Lincoln by her disputations. According to Bale and Foxe her husband turned her out of doors, but in the privy council register she is said to have " refused Kyme to be her husband without any honest allegation." She had as good -a reason for repudiating her husband as Henry VIII. for repudiating Anne of Cleves. In any case, she came to London and made friends with Joan Bocher, who was already known for heterodoxy, and other Protestants. She was examined for heresy in March 1J45 by the lord mayor, and was committed to the Counter prison. Then she was examined by Bonner, the bishop of London, who drew up a form of recantation which he entered in his register. This fact led Parsons and other Catholic historians to state that she actually recanted, but she refused to sign Bonner's form without qualification. Two months later, on the 24th of May, the privy council orderedher arrest. On the 13th of June 1545, she was arraigned as a sacramentarian under the Six Articles at the Guildhall; but no witness appeared against her; she was declared not guilty by the jury and discharged after paying her fees. The reactionary party, which, owing to the absence of Hertford and Lisle
confession , to be burnt. On the same day she was called before the privy council with her husband. Kyme was sent home into Lincolnshire, but Anne was committed to Newgate, " for that she was very obstinate and heady in reasoning of matters of religion." On the following day she was taken to the Tower and racked; according to Anne's own statement, as recorded by Bale, the lord chancellor, Wriothesley, and the solicitor-general, Rich, worked the rack themselves; but she " would not convert for all the pain " (Wriothesley, Chronicle i. 168). Her torture, disputed by Jardine, Lingard and others, is substantiated not only by her own narrative, but by two con-temporary chronicles, and by a contemporary letter (ibid.; Narratives of the Reformation, p. 305; Ellis, Original
of the same persecuting dignitaries who had condemned her to death. ASMA'I [Abu Said 'Abd ul-Malik ibn Quraib] (c. 739-831), Arabian scholar, was born of pure Arab stock in Basra and was a pupil there of Abu 'Amr ibn ul-`Ala. He seems to have been a poor man until by the influence of the governor of Basra he was brought to the notice of Harun al-Rashid, who enjoyed his conversation at court and made him tutor of his son. He became wealthy and acquired property in Basra, where he again settled for a time; but returned later to Bagdad, where he died in 831. Asma'i was one of the greatest scholars of his age. From his youth he stored up in his memory the sacred words of the Koran, the traditions of the Prophet, the verses of the old poets and the stories of the ancient wars of the Arabs. He was also a student of language and a critic. It was as a critic that he was the great rival of Abu 'Ubaida (q.v.). While the latter followed (or led) the Shu'ubite movement
the Book of the Wild Animals by R. Geyer (Vienna, 1887); the Book of the Horse, by A. Haffner (Vienna, 1893); the Book of the Sheep, by A. Haffner (Vienna, 1896). For life of Asma'i, see Ibn Khallik5n, Biographical Dictionary, translated from the Arabic by McG. de Slane (Paris and London, 1842), vol. H. pp. 123-127. For his work as a grammarian, G. Flugel, Die grammatischen Schulen der Araber ( Leipzig
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