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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ARN-AUD |
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ARRIAN (FLAvrus ARRIANUS) , of Nicomedia in Bithynia, Greek historian and philosopher, was born about A.D. 96, and lived during the reigns of Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius. In recognition of his abilities, he received the citizen-ship of both Athens and Rome. He was greatly esteemed by Hadrian, who appointed him governor . (legatus) of Cappadocia (131137), in which capacity he distinguished himself in a campaign against the Alani. This is the only instance before the 3rd century in which a first-rate Roman military command was given to a Greek. Arrian spent a considerable portion of his time at Athens, where he was archon 147148. With his retirement or recall from Cappadocia his official career came to an end. In his declining years, he retired to his native place, where he devoted himself to literary work. He died about 180. His biography, by Dio Cassius , is lost.When young, Arrian was the pupil and friend of Epictetus, who had probably withdrawn to Nicopolis, when Domitian expelled all philosophers from Rome. He took verbatim notes of his teacher's lectures, which he subsequently published under the title of The Dissertations (Oearpe f3ai), in eight books, of which the first four are extant and constitute the chief
Manual
The most important of Arrian's original
chief
Ptolemy
Other extant works of Arrian are: Indica, a description of India in the Ionic dialect, including the voyage of Nearchus, intended as a supplement to the Anabasis; Acies Contra Alanos, a fragment of importance for the knowledge of Roman military affairs; Periplus of the Euxine, an official account written (131) for the emperor Hadrian; Tactica, attributed by some to Aelianus, who wrote in the reign of Trajan; Cynegeticus, a treatise on the chase, supplementing Xenophon's work on the same subject; the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, attributed to him, is by a later compiler. Amongst his lost works may be mentioned: Ta ,uer' 'AXE az' pov, a history of the period succeeding Alexander, of which an epitome is preserved in Photius; histories of Bithynia, the Alani and the Parthian wars under Trajan; the lives of Timoleon of Syracuse, Dion
Complete works ed. F. Dubner (1846) ; Anabasis, C. Abicht (1889) ; with notes, C. W. Kruger (1835), C. Sintenis 0867), C. Abicht (1875); Scripta Minora, R. Hercher and A. Eberhard (1885); A. J. Roos, i., containing the Anabasis (Teubner series , 1907). English translations: Anabasis, Rooke
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