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Encyclopedia Britannica



ARIOBARZANES

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 492 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: APO-ARN
ARIOBARZANES , the name of three ancient kings or satraps of Pontus, and of three kings of Cappadocia and a Persian satrap.
Of the Pontic rulers two are most famous. (I) The son of
Mithradates
  I., who revolted against Artaxerxes in 362 B.C. and may be regarded as the founder of the kingdom of Pontus (q.v.). According to
Demosthenes
  he and his three sons received from the Athenians the honour of citizenship. (2) The son of
Mithradates
  III., who reigned c. 266240 B.C., and was one of those who enlisted the help of the invading Gauls (see
GALATIA
 ).
Of the Cappadocian rulers the best-known one ("
Philo
 -Romaeus " on the coins) reigned nominally from 93 to 63 B.C., but was three times expelled by Mithradates the
Great
  and as often reinstated by Roman generals. Soon after the third occasion he formally abdicated in favour of his son Ariobarzanes " Philopator," of whom we gather only that he was murdered some time before 51. His son Ariobarzanes, called " Eusebes " and "
Philo
 -Romaeus," earned the gratitude of Cicero during his proconsulate in Cilicia, and fought for Pompey in the civil
wars, but was afterwards received with honour by
Julius
  Caesar, who subsequently reinstated him when expelled by Pharnaces
of Pontus. In 42 B.C.
Brutus
  and
Cassius
  declared him a traitor, invaded his territory and put him to death.
The Persian satrap of this name unsuccessfully opposed Alexander the
Great
  on his way to
Persepolis
  (331 B.C.).


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