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Encyclopedia Britannica

ARCHELAUS OF MILETUS

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 362 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: APO-ARN

ARCHELAUS OF MILETUS ,

Greek

GREEK
GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

philosopher of the 5th

century

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

B.C., was born probably at Athens, though

Diogenes

DIOGENES

Laertius (ii. 16) says at

Miletus

MILETUS (mod. Palatia)

. He was a

pupil

PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

of Anaxagoras, and is said by Ion of Chios (ap. Diog. Laert. ii. 23) to have been the teacher of Socrates. Some argue that this is probably only an attempt to connect Socrates with the Ionian school; others (e.g. Gomperz,

Greek

GREEK
GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Thinkers) uphold the story. There is similar difference of

opinion

OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

as regards the statement that

Archelaus

ARCHELAUS

formulated certain ethical doctrines. In general, he followed Anaxagoras, but in his cosmology he went back to the earlier Ionians. He postulated primitive Matter, identical with air and mingled with Mind, thus avoiding the dualism of Anaxagoras. Out of this conscious " air," by a process of thickening and thinning, arose cold and warmth, or water and fire, the one passive, the other active. The earth and the heavenly bodies are formed

ARCHERY

ARCHERY

from mud, the product of fire and water, from which springs also man, at first in his

lower

LOWER

forms. Man differs from animals by the possession of the moral and artistic faculty. No fragments of

Archelaus

ARCHELAUS

remain; his doctrines have to be extracted from

Diogenes

DIOGENES

Laertius, Simplicius,

Plutarch

PLUTARCH
PLUTARCH (Gr. llXoi rapxos) (c. A.D. 46–120)

and Hippolytus.
See IONIAN SCHOOL; for his ethical theories see T. Gomperz, Greek Thinkers (Eng. trans., 1901), vol. i. p. 402.

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