ARCHELAUS

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 362 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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ARCHELAUS , king of Judaea, was the son of

Herod

HEROD
HEROD (surnamed THE GREAT)

the

Great

GREAT

.
He received the kingdom of Judaea by the last will of his father, though a previous will had bequeathed it to his brother Antipas. He was proclaimed king by the army, but declined to assume the title until he had submitted his claims to

Augustus

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

at Rome. Before setting out, he quelled with the utmost cruelty a sedition of the Pharisees, slaying nearly 3000 of them. At Rome he was opposed by Antipas and by many of the

Jews

, who feared his cruelty; but

Augustus

AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

allotted to him the greater part of the kingdom (Judaea, Samaria, Ituraea) with the title of ethnarch. He married Glaphyra, the widow of his brother Alexander, though his wife and her second husband, Juba, king of Mauretania, were alive. This violation of the Mosaic law and his continued cruelty roused the

Jews

, who complained to Augustus. Archelaus was deposed (A.D. 7) and banished to Vienne. The date of his death is unknown.
Archelaus is mentioned in Matt. ii. 22, and the parable of
Luke xix. 1I f. probably refers to his journey to Rome.
See Scharer, Gesch. des jiidischen Volkes, 449-453.
(J. H. A. H.) ARCHELAUS, king of Macedonia (413399 B.C.), was the son
of Perdiccas and a slave mother. He obtained the throne by murdering his uncle, his

cousin

COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and
familiar
- FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)
abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

and his half-brother, the legitimate

heir

HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a
house
- HOUSE
- HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in
  Gothic
  - GOTHIC
  it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)
, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

, but proved a capable and beneficent ruler. He fortified cities, constructed roads and organized the army. He endeavoured to spread among his people the refinements of Greek civilization, and invited to his court, which he removed from Aegae to Pella, many celebrated men, amongst them Zeuxis, Timotheus, Euripides and Agathon. In 399 he was killed by one of his favourites while

hunting

HUNTING (the verbal substantive from " hunt "; O. Eng. huntian, hunta; apparently connected with O. Eng. hentan, Gothic hinpan, to capture, O.H.G. hunda,booty)

; according to
another account he was the victim of a conspiracy.
Diodorus Siculus xiii. 49, xiv. 37; Thucydides ii. loo. See

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