ARAROBA POWDER

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 320 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: APO-ARN

ARAROBA POWDER , a drug occurring in the form of a yellowish-brown powder, varying considerably in tint, which derives an alternative nameGoa powderfrom the Portuguese colony of Goa, where it appears to have been introduced about the year 1852. The tree which yields it is the Andira Araroba of the natural order Leguminosae. It is met with in

great

GREAT

abundance in certain forests in the province of Bahia, preferring as a

rule

RULE

low and humid spots. The tree is from 8o to Too ft. high and has large imparipinnate leaves, the leaflets of which are oblong, about 12 in.

long

LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

and a in. broad, and somewhat truncate at the

apex

APEX

. The

flowers

FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

are papilionaceous, of a purple colour and arranged in panicles. The Goa powder or araroba is contained in the trunk, filling crevices in the heartwood. It is a morbid product in the tree, and yields to hot chloroform 5o% of a substance known officially as chrysarobin, which has a definite therapeutic value and is contained in most modern pharmacopoeias. It occurs as a micro-crystalline, odourless, tasteless powder, very slightly soluble in either water or alcohol; it also occurs in rhubarb root. This complex mixture contains pure chrysarobin (C15H1203), di-chrysarobin methylether (C36H2307.00H3), di-chrysarobin (C30Hu07). Chrysarobin is a methyl trioxyanthracene and exists as a

glucoside

GLUCOSIDE

in the plant, but is gradually oxidized to chrysophanic acid (a dioxy-methyl anthraquinone) and

glucose

GLUCOSE (from Gr. - twais, sweet)

. This strikes a blood-red colour in alkaline solutions, and may therefore cause much alarm if administered to a patient whose urine is alkaline. The British pharmacopoeia has an ointment containing one

part

PART

of chrysarobin and 24 of benzoated lard.
Both internally and externally the drug is a powerful irritant. The general practice amongst modern dermatologists is to use only chrysephanic acid, which may be applied externally and given by the mouth in doses of about one

grain

GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

in cases of psoriasis and chronic eczema. The drug is a feeble parasiticide, and has been used locally in the treatment of ringworm. It stains the skinand linena deep yellow or brown, a coloration which may be removed by

caustic

CAUSTIC (Gr. rcavvraubs, burning)

alkali in weak solution.

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