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Encyclopedia Britannica



AQUILA ('AxdXas), (1)

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 248 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: APO-ARN
AQUILA ('AxdXas), (1) a Jew from Rome, who with his wife Prisca or Priscilla had settled in Corinth, where Paul stayed with them (Acts xviii. 2, 3). They became Christians and fellow-workers with Paul, to whom they seem to have shown their devotion in some
special
  way (Rom. xvi. 3, 4). (2) A native of Pontus, celebrated for a very literal and accurate
translation
  of the Old Testament into Greek. Epiphanius (De Pond. et Melia. c. 15) preserves a tradition that he was a kinsman of the emperor Hadrian, who employed him in rebuilding Jerusalem (Aelia Capitolina, q.v.), and that he was converted to Christianity, but, on being reproved for practising
pagan
 
astrology
 , apostatized to Judaism. He is said also to have been a disciple of
Rabbi
  'Aqiba (d. A.D. 132), and seems to be referred to in Jewish writings as c5+py. Aquila's version is said to have been used in place of the Septuagint in the synagogues. The Christians generally disliked it, alleging without due grounds that it rendered the Messianic passages incorrectly, but Jerome and Origen speak in its praise. Origen incorporated it in his
Hexapla
 .
It was thought that this was the only copy extant, but in 1897 fragments of two codices were brought to the
Cambridge
  University Library. These have been publishedthe fragments containing i Kings xx. 7-17; 2 Kings xxiii. 12-27 by F. C. Burkitt in 1897, those containing parts of Psalms xc.-ciii. by C. Taylor in 1899. See F. C. Burkitt's article in the Jewish Encyclopaedia.


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