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APURIMAC , an interior department of southern Peru, bounded N. by the department of Ayacucho, E. by Cuzco , S. and W. by Cuzco and Ayacucho, Area, 8187 sq. m.; pop. (1896) 177,387. The department was created in 18?3 and comprises five provinces. Its physical features and productions are very similar to those of Ayacucho (q.v.), with the exception that sugar-cane is cultivated with noteworthy success in the low valley of the province of Abancay. The capital , Abancay, 110 m. south -west of Cuzco, which is only a village in size but is rich in historical associations and Andahuaylas, in the north-west part of the department, are its principal towns.
Modern Apulia.
APYRE%IA (Gr. alrvpe ia, from a-, privative, irvpE ruety, to be in a fever, 7rup, fire, fever), in pathology , the normal interval or period of intermission in a fever.
`AQIBA BEN JOSEPH (c. 50-132), Jewish Palestinian rabbi , of the circle known as Lana (q.v.). It is almost impossible to separate the true from the false in the numerous traditions respecting his life. He became the chief teacher in the rabbinical school of Jaffa, where, it is said, he had 24,000 scholars. What-ever their number, it seems certain that among them was the celebrated Rabbi Meir, and that through him and others 'Aqiba exerted a great influence on the development of the doctrines embodied in the Mishnah. He sided with Bar Cochebas in the last Jewish revolt against Rome, recognized him as the Messiah, and acted as his sword-bearer. Being taken prisoner by the Romans under Julius Severus, he was flayed alive with circumstances of great cruelty, and met his fate, according to tradition, with marvellous steadfastness and composure. He is said by some to have been a hundred and twenty years old at the time of his death. He is one of the ten Jewish martyrs whose names occur in a penitential prayer still used in the synagogue service. 'Aqiba was among the first to systematize the Jewish tradition, and he paved the way for the compilation of the Mishnah. From his school emanated the Greek translation of the scriptures by Aquila.
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