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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ANC-APO |
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ANTARCTIC REGION History of Antarctic Exploration.Although the Antarctic region was not reached by the first explorer until the Arctic region had been for centuries a resort of adventurers in search of the route to the East
Land. " the south polar region was really the more direct outcome of the main stream of geographical exploration. It was early understood by the Greek geographers that the known world covered only a small portion of the northern hemisphere and that the whole southern hemisphere awaited exploration, with its torrid, temperate and frigid zones repeating the climatic regions familiar in the northern hemisphere, the habitable land of the south temperate zone being separated from the known world by the practically impassable belt of the torrid zone. During the middle ages the sphericity of the earth came to be viewed as contrary to Scripture and was generally discredited, and it was not until Prince Henry
Hope
1487 by Bartholomew Diaz first brought explorers within touch ever died a harder death. It is not to the purpose here to describe of the Antarctic cold, and proved that the ocean separated Africa in detail how Schouten and Le Maire rediscovered the southern from any Antarctic land that might exist. The passage of extremity of Tierra del Fuego and named Cape Horn in 1615, Magellan
Tasman
which lay to the south must be within the region of perpetual winter. Before this, however, vague reports of land to the south of the Malay archipelago had led European geographers to connect on their globes the coast of Tierra del Fuego with the coast of New Guinea
great
motive
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