ANNO, or HANNO, SAINT (c. Tororo75)

This article appears in Volume V02, Page 74 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

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ANNO, or HANNO, SAINT (c. Tororo75) ,archbishop of Cologne, belonged to a Swabian family, and was educated at

Bamberg

BAMBERG

. He became confessor to the emperor

Henry

III., who appointed him archbishop of Cologne in ro56. He took a prominent part in the government of Germany during the minority of King

Henry

IV., and was the leader of the party which in ro62 seized the person of Henry, and deprived his mother, the empress Agnes, of Power. For a short time. Anno exercised the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

authority in the kingdom, but he was soon obliged to share this with Adalbert, archbishop of Bremen, retaining for himself the supervision of Henry's education and the title of magister. The office of chancellor of the kingdom of Italy was at this period regarded as an appanage of the archbishopric of Cologne,and this was probably the reason why Anno had a considerable share in settling the papal dispute in 1064. He declared Alexander II. to be the rightful pope at a synod held at Mantua in May 1064, and took other steps to secure his recognition. Returning to Germany, he found the

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

power in the hands of Adalbert, and as he was disliked by the

young

king, he left the court but returned and regained some of his former influence when Adalbert fell from power in ro66. He succeeded in putting down a rising against his authority in Cologne in 1074, and it was reported he had allied himself with William the Conqueror, king of England, against the emperor. Having cleared himself of this charge, Anno took no further part in public business, and died at Cologne on the 4th of December 1075. He was buried in the monastery of Siegburg and was canonized in 1183 by Pope Lucius III. He was a founder of monasteries and a builder of churches, advocated clerical

celibacy

CELIBACY (Lat. caelibatus, from caelebs, unmarried)

and was a strict disciplinarian. He was a man of

great

GREAT

energy and ability, whose action in recognizing Alexander H. was of the utmost consequence for Henry IV. and for Germany.
There is a Vita Annonis, written about 11o0, by a monk of Siegburg, but this is of slight value. It appears in the Monumenta Germaniae historica: Scriptores, Bd. xi. (Hanover and Berlin, 1826-1892). There is an "Epistola ad monachos Malmundarienses" by Anno in the Neues Archiv der Gesellschaft fur altere deutsche Geschichtskunde, Bd. xiv. (Hanover, 1876 seq.). See also the Annolied, or Incerti poetae Teutonici rhythmics de S. Annone, written about 118o, and edited by J. Kehrein (Frankfort, 1865) ; Th. Lindner, Anno II. der Hellige, Erzbischof von Koln (

Leipzig

LEIPZIG

, 1869).

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