AMBROSE THE CAMALDULIAN

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 800 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ALM-ANC

AMBROSE THE CAMALDULIAN , the common name of AMBROGIO TRAVERSAR1 (1386-1439), French ecclesiastic, born near Florence at the

village

VILLAGE

of Portico. At the age of fourteen he entered the Camaldulian Order in the monastery of Sta Maria degli Angeli, and rapidly became a leading theologian and Hellenist. In Greek literature his master was

Emmanuel

EMMANUEL, or IMMANUEL

Chrysoloras. He became general of the order in 1431, and was a leading

advocate

of the papacy. This attitude he showed clearly when he attended the council of Basel as legate of Eugenius IV. So strong was his hostility to some of the delegates that he described Basel as a western Babylon. He likewise supported the

pope

at Ferrara and Florence, and worked hard in the attempt to reconcile the Eastern and Western Churches. Though this cause was unsuccessful,

Ambrose

is interesting as typical of the new humanism which was growing up within the church. Voigt says that he was the first monk in Florence in whom the love of letters and art became predominant over his ecclesiastical views. Thus while among his own colleagues he seemed merely a hypocritical and arrogant priest, in his relations with his brother humanists, such as Cosimo de Medici, he appeared as the student of classical antiquities and especially of Greek theological authors. His

chief

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

works are: Hodoeporicon, an account of a journey taken by the

pope

's command, during which he visited the monasteries of Italy; a

translation

TRANSLATION

of
Palladius' Life of Chrysostom; of Nineteen Sermons of Ephraem Syrus; of the Book of St Basil on Virginity. A number of MSS. remain in the library of St Mark at Venice. He died on the 20th of October 1439
See G. Voigt, Die Wiederbelebung des klass. Altertums (2 Vols., 3rd ed., 1893) ; his Epistolae were published by Cannato (Florence, 1759) with a life by Mehus; Bollandist Bibl. hag. lat. (1898), 63; A. Masius, Ober die Stellung des Kamaldulensers Ambrogio Txaversari zum Papst Eugen IV. and zum Basler Kanzil (Dobeln, 1888);

Savigny

SAVIGNY, FRIEDRICH KARL VON (1779–1861)

, Geschichte rom. Rechts, Mittel. (185o), vi. 422-424.

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