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Encyclopedia Britannica



ALAMANNI, or ALLEMANNI

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 468 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AJA-ALL
ALAMANNI, or ALLEMANNI , a German tribe, first mentioned by Dio
Cassius
 , under the year 213. They apparently dwelt in the basin of the Maine, to the
south
  of the
Chatti
 . According to Asinius Quadratus their name indicates that they were a conglomeration of various tribes. There can be little doubt, however, that the ancient Hermunduri formed the preponderating
element
  in the nation. Among the other elements may be mentioned the Juthungi, Bucinobantes, Lentienses, and perhaps the Armalausi. From the 4th
century
  onwards we hear also of the
Suebi
  or Suabi. The Hermunduri had apparently be-longed to the
Suebi
 , but it is likely enough that reinforcements from new Suebic tribes had now moved westward. In later times the names Alamanni and Suebi seem to be synonymous. The tribe was continually engaged in conflicts with the Romans, the most famous encounter being that at Strassburg, in which they were defeated by Julian, afterwards emperor, in the year 357, when their king Chonodomarius was taken prisoner. Early in the 5th
century
  the Alamanni appear to have crossed the Rhine and conquered and settled
Alsace
  and a large
part
  of Switzerland. Their kingdom lasted until the year 495, when they were conquered by Clovis, from which time they formedpart of the Frankish dominions. The Alamannic and Swabian dialects are now spoken in German Switzerland, the southern parts of Baden and
Alsace
 , Wurttemberg and a small, portion of Bavaria.
See Dio
Cassius
  lxvii. ff. ; Ammianus
Marcellinus
 , passim ; Gregory of Tours, Historia Francorum, book ii.; C. Zeuss, Die Deutschen and die Nachbarst4mme (
Munich
 , 1837), pp. 303 ff.; O. Bremer in H. Paul, Grundriss der germanischen Philologie (2nd ed., Strassburg, 1900), vol. iii. pp. 930 if. (F. G. M. B.)


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