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Encyclopedia Britannica



ALAIS

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 468 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: AJA-ALL
ALAIS , a town of southern France,
capital
  of an arrondissement in the department of Gard, 25 M. N.N.W. of Nimes on the Paris-Lyon railway, on which it is an important junction. Pop. (Igoe) 18,987. The town is situated at the foot of the Cevennes, on the left bank of the Gardon, which half surrounds it. The streets are wide and its promenades and fine plane-trees make the town attractive; but the public buldings, the
chief
  of which are the
church
  of St
Jean
 , a heavy building of the 18th century, and the citadel, which serves as barracks and prison, are of small
interest
 .
Pasteur
  prosecuted his investigations into the
silk
 -worm disease at Alais, and the town has dedicated a bust to his memory. There is also a statue of the chemist J. B. Dumas. Alais has tribunals of first instance and of commerce, a board of
trade
 -arbitrators, a lycee and a school of mines. The town is one of the most important markets for raw
silk
  and cocoons in the
south
  of France, and the Gardon supplies power to numerous silk-mills. It is also the centre of a
mineral
  field, which yields large quantities of coal, iron, zinc and lead; its blast-furnaces, foundries, glass-works and engineering works afford employment to many workmen.
In the r6th century Alais was an important Huguenot centre. In 1629 the town was taken by Louis XIII., and by the peace of Alais the Huguenots gave up their right to places de siirete (garrison towns) and other privileges. A bishopric was established there in 1694 but suppressed in 1790.


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