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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ADA-AIZ |
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AGRICULTURAL GANGS , groups of women, girls and boys organized by an independent gang-master, under whose super-vision they execute agricultural piece- work
work
long prevalent in the counties of Cambridge -shire, Huntingdonshire, Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire
district
dates
Wash
condition of the poor-law, under which the support of the poor fell upon each individual parish, instead of a union of parishes, made landlords reluctant to erect cottages on the reclaimed land for the benefit of their tenants. Labour had to be obtained for the cultivation of these new lands, and that of women, girls and boys, being cheaper than the labour of men, was consequently very largely employed. The tendency to moral and physical ruin which resulted from this nomadic life was so great
condition of agricultural child-labour was included in the reference to the commission on child-labour appointed in 1862, and the results were so startling that the Agricultural Gangs Act was passed in 1867, forbidding the employment of any child under eight years old, and of any female under a male gang-master unless a female licensed to act as gang-mistress were also1 Alexander, died 1506; Johann, for. ,600; Wolfgang Christoph, for. 163o; and George Ludwig, 1643-1676. present. Gang-masters must be licensed by two justices, and may not hold a liquor license. The distance to be traversed on foot is fixed by the justices, and the licenses must be renewed every six months. Later legislation made more stringent the regulations under which children are employed in agricultural gangs. By the Elementary Education Act 1876, repealing and re-enacting the principal
district
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