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Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ADA-AIZ |
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AGNESI, MARIA GAETANA (17181799) , Italian mathematician, linguist and philosopher, was born at Milan on the 16th of May 1718, her father being professor of mathematics in the university of Bologna. When only nine years old she had such command of Latin as to be able to publish an elaborate address in that language, maintaining that the pursuit of liberal studies was not improper for her sex. By her thirteenth year she had acquired Greek, Hebrew, French, Spanish, German and other languages. Two years later her father began to assemble in his house
series of theses on the most abstruse philosophical questions. Records of these meetings are given in de Brosse's Lettres sur l'Italie and in the Propositiones Philosophicae, which her father caused to be published in 1738. These displays, being probably not altogether congenial to Maria, who was of a retiring disposition, ceased in her twentieth year, and it is even said that she had at that age a strong desire to enter a convent. Though the wish was not gratified, she lived from that time in a. retirement almost conventual, avoiding all society and devoting herself entirely to the study of mathematics. The most valuable result of her labours was the Instituzioni analitiche ad use Bella gioventu italiana, a work
great
Milan in 1748. The first volume treats of the analysis of finite quantities, and the second of the analysis of infinitesimals. A French translation
translation
work
Cambridge , was published in 18or at the expense of Baron Maseres. Madame Agnesi also wrote a commentary on the Traite analytique des sections coniques of the marquis de 1'H6pital, which, though highly praised by those who saw it in manuscript, was never published. She invented and discussed the curve known as the " witch of Agnesi " (q.v.) or versiera.In 1750, on the illness of her father, she was appointed by Pope
Her sister, MARIA TERESA AGNESI (1724-1780), a well-known Italian pianist and composer, was born at Milan in 1724. She composed several cantatas, two pianoforte concertos and five operas, Sofonisbe, Ciro in Armenia, Nitocri, Il Re Pastore and Insubria consolata. See Antonio Francesco Frisi, Eloge historique de Mademoiselle Agnesi, translated by Boulard (Paris, 1807) ; Milesi-Mojon, Vita di M. G. Agnesi (Milan, 1836y; J. Boyer, " La Mathematicienne Agnesi," in the Revue Catholique des revues francaises et etrangeres (Paris, 1897). End of Article: AGNESI, MARIA GAETANA (17181799) If you wish, you can link directly to this article.
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