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Encyclopedia Britannica



AFFRAY

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 301 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ADA-AIZ
AFFRAY , in law, the fighting of two or more persons in a public place to the terror (a l' effroi) of the lieges. The offence is a misdemeanour at
English
  common law, punishable by fine and imprisonment. A fight in private is an assault and battery, not an affray. As those engaged in an affray render themselves also liable to
prosecution
  for Assault (q.v.), Unlawful Assembly (see ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL), or Riot (q.v.), it is for one of these offences that they are usually charged. Any private person may, and constables and justices must, interfere to put a stop to an affray. In the United States the
English
  common law as to affray applies, subject to certain modifications by the statutes of particular states (
Bishop
 , Amer. Grim. Law, 8th ed., 1892, vol. i. 535). The Indian Penal Code (sect. 159) adopt` the English definition of affray, with the substitution of " actual disturbance of the peace " for " causing terror to the lieges." The Queensland Criminal Code of 1899 (sect. 72) defines affray as taking
part
  in a fight in a public
highway
  or taking
part
  in a fight of such a nature as to alarm the public in any other place to which the public have access. This definition is taken from that in the English Criminal Code
Bill
  of 188o, cl. 96. Under the Roman Dutch law in force in
South
  Africa affray falls within the definition of vis publica.


End of Article: AFFRAY


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