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Encyclopedia Britannica



ADORATION (Lat. ad, to, and os, mouth; i.e. " carrying to one's mouth ")

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 214 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ADA-AIZ
ADORATION (Lat. ad, to, and os, mouth; i.e. " carrying to one's mouth ") , primarily an act of
homage
  or
worship
 , which, among the Romans, was performed by raising the hand to the mouth, kissing it and then waving it in the direction of the adored
object
 . The devotee had his head covered, and after the act turned himself round from left to right. Sometimes he kissed the feet or knees of the images of the gods themselves, and
Saturn
  and Hercules were adored with the head bare. By a natural transition the
homage
 , at first paid to divine beings alone, came to be paid to monarchs. Thus the Greek and Roman emperors were adored by bowing or kneeling, laying hold of the imperial robe, and presently withdrawing the hand and pressing it to the lips, or by putting the royal robe itself to the lips. In Eastern countries adoration has ever been performed in an attitude still more lowly. The Persian method, introduced by Cyrus, was to bend the knee and fall on the face at the prince's feet, striking the earth with the forehead and kissing the ground. This striking of the earth with the forehead, usually a fixed number of times, is the form of adoration usually paid to Eastern potentates to-day. The
Jews
  kissed in homage. Thus in 1 Kings xix. 18, God is made to say, " Yet I have left me seven thousand in
Israel
 , all the knees which have not bowed unto Baal, and every mouth which hath not kissed him." And in
Psalms
  ii. 12, " Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way." (See also Hosea xiii. 2.) In England the ceremony of kissing the sovereign's hand, and some other acts which are performed kneeling, may be described as forms of adoration. Adoration is applied in the Roman
Church
  to the ceremony of kissing the
pope
 's foot, a custom which is said to have been introduced by the popes following the example of the emperor Diocletian. The toe of the famous statue of the apostle in
St Peter's, Rome, shows marked
wear
  caused by the kisses of pilgrims. In the Roman
Church
  a distinction is made between Latria, a
worship
  due to God alone, and Dulia or Hyperdulia, the adoration paid to the Virgin, saints, martyrs, crucifixes, &c. (See further HOMAGE.)


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