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Encyclopedia Britannica



ADENINE

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 191 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: ADA-AIZ
ADENINE , or 6-AMINO-PURIN, C5H5N5, in
chemistry
 , a basic substance which has been obtained as a decomposition product of nuclein, and also from the pancreatic glands of oxen. It has been synthesized by E.
Fischer
  (Berichte, 1897, 30, p. 2238) by
heating
  2.6.8-trichlorpurin with to times its
weight
  of
ammonia
  for six
hours
  at roo C.; by this means 6-amino-2.8-dichlorpurin is obtained, which on reduction by means of hydriodic
acid
  and phosphonium iodide is converted into adenine. In 1898 E.
Fischer
  also obtained it from 8-oxy-2.6-dichlorpurin ,Berichte, 1898, 31, p. 104). It crystallizes in
long
  needles; forms salts C5H5N5.2HI and (C5H5N5)2.HsSO4.2H20, and is converted by nitrous
acid
  into hypoxanthine or 6-oxypurin. On
heating
  with hydrochloric acid at 18o-2oo C. it is decomposed; the products of the reaction being glycocoll,
ammonia
 , formic acid and carbon dioxide. Various methyl derivatives of adenine have been described by E. Fischer (Berichte, 1898, 31, p. 104) and by M. Kruger (Zeit. fur physiol. Chemie, 1894, 18, p. 434). For the constitution of adenine see PURIN.


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