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Encyclopedia Britannica



ABRAXAS, or ABRASAX

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 72 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: A10-ADA
ABRAXAS, or ABRASAX , a word engraved on certain
antique
  stones, called on that
account
 
Abraxas
  stones, which were used as amulets. or charms. The Basilidians, a Gnostic
sect
 , attached importance to the word, if, indeed, they did not bring it into use. The letters of a,(3paEar,in the
Greek
  notation,make up the number 365, and the Basilidians gave the name to the 365 orders of
spirits
  which, as they conceived, emanated in succession from the Supreme Being. These orders were supposed to occupy 365 heavens, each fashioned like, but inferior to that above it; and the lowest of the heavens was thought to be the abode of the
spirits
  who formed the
earth
  and its inhabitants, and to whom was committed the
administration
  of its affairs.
Abraxas
  stones are of very little value. In addition to the word Abraxas and other mystical characters, they have often cabalistic figures engraved on them. The commonest of these have the head of a fowl, and the arms and bust of a man, and terminate in the
body
  and tail of a serpent.


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