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Encyclopedia Britannica



ABRABANEL, ISAAC

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 69 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: A10-ADA
ABRABANEL, ISAAC , called also ABRAVANEL, ABARBANEL (1437-15o8), Jewish statesman, philosopher, theologian and commentator, was born at
Lisbon
  of an ancient family which claimed descent from the royal
house
  of
David
 . Like many of the Spanish
Jews
  he united scholarly tastes with political ability, He held a high place in the favour of King
Alphonso
  V., who entrusted him with .the management of important state affairs. On the death of
Alphonso
  in 1481, his counsellors and favourites were harshly treated by his successor John, and Abrabanel was compelled to flee to Spain, where he held for eight years (1484 1492) the post of a minister of state under Ferdinand and
Isabella
 . When the
Jews
  were banished-from Spain in 1492, no exception was made in Abrabanel's favour. He afterwards resided at Naples,
Corfu
  and Monopoli, and in 1503 removed to Venice, where he held office as a minister of state; till his death in 1508. His repute as a commentator on the Scriptures is still high; in the 17th and 18th centuries he was much read by Christians such as Buxtorf. Abrabanel often quotes Christian authorities, though he opposed Christian exegesis of Messianic passages. He was one of the first to see that for Biblical exegesis it was necessary to reconstruct the social environment of olden times, and he skilfully applied his
practical
  knowledge of state-craft to the elucidation of the books of Samuel and Kings.


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