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Encyclopedia Britannica



ABEL (Hebrew for breath)

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 39 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: A10-ADA
ABEL (Hebrew for breath) , the second son of
Adam
 , slain by
Cain
 , his elder brother (Gen. iv. 1-16). The narrative in
Genesis
  which tells us that " the Lord had respect unto Abel and to his offering, but unto
Cain
  and to his offering he had not respect," is supplemented by the statement of the New Testament, that " by faith Abel offered unto God a more excellent sacrifice than Cain" (Heb. xi. 4), and that Cain slew Abel "because his own works were evil and his brother's righteous" (1 John iii. 12). See further under CAIN. The name has been identified with the Assyrian ablu, " son," but this is far from certain. It more probably means " herdsman " (cf. the name Jabal), and a distinction is
drawn
  between the
pastoral
  Abel and the agriculturist Cain. If Cain-is the eponym of the
Kenites
  it is quite possible that Abel was originally a
South
  Judaean demigod or hero; on this, see Winckler, Gesch. Israels, ii. p. 189; E. Meyer, Israeliten, p. 395. A sect of Abelitae, who seem to have lived in North Africa, is mentioned by
Augustine
  (De Haeresibus, lxxxvi.).


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