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Encyclopedia Britannica



ABBREVIATORS

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 30 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: A10-ADA
ABBREVIATORS , a
body
  of writers in the papal chancery, whose business was to sketch out and prepare in due form the
pope
 's bulls, briefs and consistorial decrees before these are written out in extenso by the scriptores. They are first mentioned in Extravagantes of John XXII. and of Benedict XII. Their number was fixed at seventy-two by Sixtus IV. From the time of Benedict XII. (13341342) they were classed as de Parco majori or Praesidentiae majoris, and de Farce minori. The name was derived from a space in the chancery, surrounded by a grating, in which the officials sat, which is called higher or lower (major or
minor
 ) according to the proximity of the seats to that of the vice-
chancellor
 . After the protonotaries left the sketching of the minutes to the abbreviators, those de Parco majori, who ranked as prelates, were the most important
officers
  of the apostolic chancery. By Martin V. their signature was made essential to the validity of the acts of the chancery; and they obtained in course of time many.important privileges. They were suppressed in 1908 by
Pius
  X. and their duties were transferred to the protonotarii apostolici participantes. (See CURIA


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