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Encyclopedia Britannica



ABBA MARI (in full, Abba Mari ben Moses benJoseph)

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 9 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: A10-ADA
ABBA MARI (in full, Abba Mari ben Moses benJoseph) , French
rabbi
 , was born at Lunel, near Montpellier, towards the end of the 13th century. He is also known as Yarhi from his birthplace (Heb. Yerah, i.e. moon, Lune), and he further took the name Astruc, Don Astruc or En Astruc of Lunel. The descendant of men learned in rabbinic
lore
 , Abba Mari devoted himself to the study of theology and philosophy, and made himself acquainted with the writing of Moses Maimonides and Nachmanides as well as with the
Talmud
 . In Montpellier, where he lived from 1303 to 1306, he was much distressed by the prevalence of Aristotelian rationalism, which, through the medium of the works of Maimonides, threatened the authority of the Old Testament, obedience to the law, and the belief in miracles and
revelation
 . He, there-fore, in a
series
  of letters (afterwards collected under the title Minhat Kenaot, i.e. Jealousy Offering ") called upon the famous
rabbi
  Solomon ben Adret of
Barcelona
  to come to the aid of orthodoxy. Ben Adret, with the approval of other prominent Spanish rabbis, sent a
letter
  to the community at Montpellier proposing to forbid the study of philosophy to those who were less than thirty years of age, and, in spite of keen opposition from the liberal section, a decree in this sense was issued by ben Adret in 1305. The result was a
great
  schism among the
Jews
  of Spain and southern France, and a new impulse was given to the study of philosophy by the unauthorized interference of the Spanish rabbis. On the expulsion of the
Jews
  from France by'Philip IV. in 1306, Abba Mari settled at Perpignan, where he published the letters connected with the controversy. His subsequent history is unknown. Beside the letters, he was the author of liturgical
poetry and works on civil law.
AuTHORITIEs.Edition of the Minhat Kenaot by M. L. Bislichis (Pressburg, 1838); E.
Renan
 , Les rabbins francais, pp. 647 foil.; Perles, Salomo ben Abraham ben Adereth, pp. 15-54; Jewish Encyclopaedia, s.v. " Abba Mari."


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