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Encyclopedia Britannica



ABBADIE, ANTOINE THOMSON

This article appears in Volume V01, Page 9 of the Encyclopedia Britannica.

Encyclopedia Britannica - Main :: A10-ADA
ABBADIE, ANTOINE THOMSON D' (18101897), and ARNAUD MICHEL D' (181j 1893), two
brothers
  notable for their travels in Abyssinia during the first half of the 19th century. They were both born in Dublin, of a French father and an Irish
mother
 ,
Antoine
  in 1810 and Arnaud in 1815. The parents re-moved to France in 1818, and there the
brothers
  received a careful scientific education. In 1835 the French
Academy
  sent
Antoine
  on a scientific mission to Brazil, the results being published at a later date (1873) under the title of Observations relatives a la physique du globe faites au Basil et en Ethiopie. The younger Abbadie spent some time in
Algeria
  before, in 1837, the two brothers started for Abyssinia, landing at Massawa in February 1838. They visited various parts of Abyssinia, including the then little-known districts of Ennarea and Kaff a, sometimes together and sometimes separately. They met with many difficulties and many adventures, and became involved in political intrigues, Antoine especially exercising such influence as he possessed in favour of France and the Roman Catholic missionaries. After collecting much valuable information concerning the geography, geology, archaeology and natural history of Abyssinia, the brothers returned to France in 1848 and began to prepare their materials for publication. The younger brother, Arnaud, paid another visit to Abyssinia in 18J3. The more distinguished brother, Antoine, became involved in various controversies relating both to his geographical results and his political intrigues. He was especially attacked by C. T. Beke, who impugned his veracity, especially with reference to the journey to
Kaffa
 . But time and the investigations of subsequent explorers have shown that Abbadie was quite trustworthy as to his facts, though wrong in his contentionhotly contested by Bekethat the Blue Nile was the main stream. The topographical results of his explorations were published in Paris in 18601873 in Geodesie d' Ethiopic, full of the most valuable information and illustrated by ten maps. Of the Geographic de l'Ethiopie (Paris, 1890) only one volume has been published. In Un Catalogue raisonne de manuscrits ethiopiens (Paris, 18J9) is a description of 234 Ethiopian manuscripts collected by Antoine. He also compiled various vocabularies, including a Dictionnaire de la langue amarinna (Paris, 1881), and prepared an edition of the Shepherd of Hernias, with the Latin version, in 186o. He published numerous papers dealing with the geography of Abyssinia, Ethiopian coins and ancient
inscriptions
 . Under the title of Reconnaissances magnetiques he published in 1890 an account of the magnetic observations made by him in the course of several journeys to the Red Sea and the Levant. The general account of the travels of the two brothers was published by Arnaud in 1868 under the title of Douze ans clans la Haute-Ethiopie. Both brothers received the grand
medal
  of the Paris Geographical Society in 185o. Antoine was a knight of the Legion of Honour and a member of the
Academy
  of Sciences. He died in 1897, and bequeathed an estate in the Pyrenees, yielding 40,000 francs a year, to the Academy of Sciences, on
condition
  of its producing within fifty years a catalogue of half-a-million stars. His brother Arnaud died in 1893. (J. S. K.)


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